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This section sets out guidance to support services to better collect data on protected characteristics and other vulnerable groups, in a way that benefits all involved. This includes:

Patients: collecting demographics information in a way that patients are comfortable with and that enables them to receive trauma-informed care from services.

Clinicians and other roles interacting with patients: building confidence to routinely ask patients for this information and to do so sensitively and accurately.

Providers (information teams and systems): knowing how to minimise the resource implications of the collection process.

Other stakeholders in data collection: having clear definitions of the data items and how to manage any legal and/or data management challenges around the collection of this information.


Key principles

There are several key principles around this data that this guidance aims to help all services implement:

  1. Always enable patients to self-report information about their identities and life circumstances.
  2. Never make assumptions in the questions patients are asked about their identity and circumstances, and the data that is recorded. 
  3. Embed these ways of working across all staff roles, service design and processes to provide trauma-informed care that makes patients feel safe and empowered to share personal information.
  4. Routinely use and feedback the data collected to ensure that everyone working in mental health, learning disability and autism services in is clear on the value of it and using it to advance equality.

Every service should be clear on who in their teams is responsible for asking about and recording demographics data. It should also be clear when that information needs to be collected and should be embedded into routine processes. Training opportunities should be made available to everyone involved in asking for demographic information to emphasise why it’s an important part of the care provided to patients to not make assumptions about their identities, as well as its importance in the broader understanding of equality. It is the responsibility of the provider to ensure the information relating to the patient is kept up-to-date and is accurate.

This information might be collected using a self-administered questionnaire on paper or online, including a brief explanation of why the data is being collected and how confidentiality will be maintained. This could also be collected as part of a consultation or conversation with a patient, ensuring from the outset they know why they are being asked and to use appropriate language.

Data confidentiality and security is extremely important to note and communicate to patients so they understand that though this data is collected, patients are not identifiable though the MHSDS or IAPT Data Set. Further information on how NHS Digital protects patient data can be found on their website.

To increase the extent to which those working in services value the collection of demographic data, systems should ensure that they are routinely using the data collected to identify opportunities to improve patient care. Increasing the visibility and use of the data will ensure there is direct value for clinicians and other relevant stakeholders in increasing the completeness and accuracy of what’s recorded.

What to do when the patient can’t self-identify, such as crisis care

When asking services users for demographics data, it is important for providers to identify where in the care pathways it is best to aim to capture this information. In services there will be times where it’s not possible for patients to self-report the full range of information required, such as in crisis care.

In these scenarios it may necessary to infer some information when that directly impacts the patient’s care requirements. That information must then be reviewed in collaboration with the patient at a more appropriate time to confirm it is accurate and that all information not initially captured is completed.

To achieve this, follow up services should consider what prompts to review this data are needed in clinical and service processes and in clinical systems. For example, if a patient is referred to a community team from a crisis service, the community team should be responsible for reviewing demographic data recorded with the patient to ensure it remains accurate.


Last edited: 23 November 2022 12:24 pm